This paper presents the shadow Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) of Ma (2011a) as an intertemporal equilibrium asset pricing model, and tests it empirically. In contrast to the classical CAPM - a single factor model based on a strong behavioral or distributional assumption, the shadow CAPM can...

This paper is on decision theoretical foundations for various types of VaR models, including VaR and conditional-VaR, as objective measures of downside risk for financial prospects. We establish the connections of the VaRs with the first- and the second-order stochastic dominance investment...

We develop a novel approach for the direct extraction of aggregated investor attention and relative risk aversion (RRA) from European option prices. Applying it to China 50ETF options data, we document several noteworthy findings. First, we introduce the option-implied attention (OIA) index,...