The role of defense in national innovation systems is a highly topical, because of the complexity of defense systems and the desire to get value-for-money from R&D investment, especially through the commercialization of defense-funded technology. In practice, external transfer has proved to be a...

Public expenditures have a crucial place within the Keynesian theory. How then not questioning J. Robinson about the consequences of arms race? Especially since the Cambridge economist has been fiercely opposed to "military Keynesianism". It is interesting to replace military expenditures in her...

This article focuses on the determinants of innovation in the defence procurement sector. Although contractual choices turn out as crucial to provide parties incentives to innovate, the complementary and strategic impact of industrial policy is emphasized in that perspective. JEL: H57, L14, L52,...

The end of the Cold War weakened the relationship created between science and defence after World War II. Credits for defence R&D have been regularly reduced through the 1990s. Indeed armed forces' requirements for innovation and technology have evolved compared to the second half of the 20th...