The procyclical behavior of credit supply amplifies the business cycles. One of the aims of the traditional macro-prudential policies is to smooth the business cycle fluctuations by mitigating the excessive volatility in the risk appetite of financial intermediaries. This study shows that...

Many central banks in emerging economies have used reserve requirements (RR) to alleviate the trade-off between financial stability and price stability in recent years. Notwithstanding their widespread use, transmission channels of RR have remained largely as a black-box. In this paper, we use...

Using exchange rate data on five currencies vis-à-vis the US dollar, this paper examines the insample and out-of-sample performance of exchange rate equations derived from alternative empirical and optimal interest rate rules. These rules could have either homogeneous or heterogeneous response...

We explore the role of interest rate policy in the exchange rate determination process. Specifically, we derive exchange rate equations from interest rate rules that are theoretically optimal under a few alternative settings. The exchange rate equation depends on its underlying interest rate...

This study evaluates the role market competition plays in determining inflation based on sectorlevel data from OECD countries. In theory, trade openness can affect inflation through changes in market competitiveness and productivity. Nonetheless, previous empirical studies often fail to account...

How effective are capital account restrictions? We provide new answers based on a novel panel data set of capital controls, disaggregated by asset class and by inflows/outflows, covering 74 countries during 1995-2005. We find the estimated effects of capital controls to vary markedly across the...

We examine the intraday behavior of spreads, depths, returns and volume on the Istanbul Stock Exchange by using detailed order and transaction data for all stocks. We find that spreads follow an L-shaped pattern whereas returns, number of trades and volume follow a U-shaped pattern. Another...

We analyze the influence of technological progress on pharmaceuticals on rising health expenditures using US State level panel data. Improvements in medical technology are believed to be partly responsible for rapidly rising health expenditures. Even if the technological progress in medicine...