We identify the maximal number of people who are harmed when a social choice rule is manipulated. If there are n individuals, then for any <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$k$$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> greater than 0 and less than n, there is a neutral rule for which the maximal number is <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$k$$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and there is an anonymous rule for which the maximum...</equationsource></inlineequation></equationsource></inlineequation>

We allow departures from IIA in Arrow’s framework. Our measure of the extent of a departure is the amount of information needed to socially order a pair of alternatives. We also propose a measure of the scope of an individual’s power. The scope of at least one individual’s power increases...