We take three types of tidal marshes in Shanghai City as the study object: tidal marshes in mainland, tidal marshes in the rim of islands, and shoal in Yangtze estuary. On the basis of assessing nutrient quality and environmental quality, respectively, we use soil quality index (SQI) to assess...

Since the Chinese government's rapid increase in expenditure on science and technology (S&T) during the 2000s, numerous related policies have been implemented by national-, provincial-, city-, and prefecture-level governments in China. Each level of government aims to promote innovation...

In the presence of temptation and self-control preferences as in Gul and Pesendorfer, the optimal policy is to subsidize savings when consumers are tempted by "excessive" impatience (Krusell, Kuruscu and Smith, 2010). However, in the homogeneous agents model, taxation loses an important property...

This paper characterizes an intergenerational welfare state with endogenous education and pension choice under general equilibrium-probabilistic voting. We show that politically implementing public education program always increases the future human capital, but this higher future human capital...

This paper studies optimal education policies under endogenous borrowing constraints in a standard life-cycle model. In a closed economy, a policy that appropriately bundles an education subsidy with an old-age pension can restore the complete market allocation. Such a policy also removes...

We study the problems of hypothesis testing and point estimation for the correlation coefficient between the disturbances in the system of two seemingly unrelated regression equations. An objective Bayesian solution to each problem is proposed based on combined use of the invariant loss function...