This Discussion Paper identifies the rules on regulatory coherence provided for in the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). Furthermore, the work...

Protecting biodiversity will require the phase-out of harmful production at a large scale. However, some of these stranded investments will be foreign-owned, and can therefore be protected by the more than 2,600 investment treaties that are in force worldwide. These treaties' compensation...

The average international trade transaction is subject to numerous procedural and documentation requirements, which add to the costs of doing business as an importer or exporter and also use up scarce government resources. While these requirements can be necessary to fulfil policy objectives,...

The “Intended nationally determined contributions” (INDCs) communicated by both developing and developed countries represent a crucial element of the Paris agreement. This paper aims at analysing the INDCs submitted by Parties, through the different tools and approaches proposed by the...

Die Europäische Kommission (Artikel 13, 17 EUV, Artikel 244 –250 AEUV, ex-Artikel 211–219 EGV) ist das politische Organ der EU, in dem die Mitglieder und die Willensbildung ganz von den Mitgliedstaaten gelöst sind – sie stellt die Exekutive der EU dar. Die Kommission versteht sich dabei...

Der Europäische Rat (Artikel 13, 15 EUV, Artikel 235-236 AEUV) ist mit dem Vertrag von Lissabon zu einem Organ der EU geworden. Der Europäische Rat gibt der EU die für ihre Entwicklung erforderlichen Impulse und legt die allgemeinen politischen Ziele fest, er wird jedoch nicht gesetzgeberisch...

The Appellate Body report in EU - PET (Pakistan) raises distinct questions relating to the need for findings in relation to expired measures, the conditions under which duty drawback schemes may constitute subsidies and the causation methodology to apply under the SCM Agreement. We conclude that...

Research background: UK rejects the paradigm of the role and rank of the security community and the perception of European integration as a road of no return. Economic and legal study allows to assess the reasoning of Brexit and future regime of EU-UK relations. Purpose of the article: To assess...

The World Trade Organization (WTO) has 164 member states and its Trade Facilitation Agreement (WTO TFA) currently has 149 signatories. The World Customs Organization (WCO) has 183 member states and its most successful legal instrument-the Harmonized System Convention (HSC)-has 158 signatories,...

The worldwide spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in 190 countries (according to WHO figures: 219 countries, territories and economic areas) represents an unprecedented threat to Global Health and Global Trade in the times of Globalization – a truly global...