High levels of unemployment and rising social charges have lead to considerable pressure on labour markets to adjust … respects in order to raise the economy’s capacity to generate employment. The present tax and transfer system still implies … significant disincentives for labour supply of older people and spouses, which should be eliminated. Unemployment related benefits …

structural factors. This involves estimating the NAIRU. Information can also be gleaned from the composition of unemployment, as …The unemployment rate provides an important gauge of spare capacity in the labour market and the economy more generally …. However, other factors also affect unemployment, which complicates its interpretation when informing monetary policy …

Recent studies have indicated that the terms 'NAIRU' (non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment) and 'natural … rate of unemployment' are not interchangeable. While NAIRU is an empirical macroeconomic relationship estimated via a … natural rate of unemployment relative to the NAIRU. The natural rate of unemployment in the USA since the Second World War is …

reforms aiming at liberalizing formal labor markets can be annulled by shifts in the public sector employment and wage … policies. Since the public sector accounts for a substantial share of employment in developing countries, this approach is … empirically and theoretically that the liberalization of labor markets plays against informal employment by increasing the …

unemployment subsidies reduces the probability of reemployment within a year substantially (by 34 percent) for men. Unlike men … of college age are reemployed faster, especially if the local community provides employment referral services, while …

in more detail labour flexibility, namely labour market flows, long-term unemployment and labour force deprivation. The … third part addresses wage flexibility and relative wages, with special attention paid to regional unemployment elasticity of … wages and returns to education. Worsening labour market performance can be seen especially in a rising NAIRU, declining …

poor re-employment outcomes …

poor re-employment outcomes …

in NAIRU but do not appear as promising explanations of the events of the early 1990s. The fall in unemployment in the …By international standards, unemployment in Sweden remained remarkably low throughout the 1970s and the 1980s. In the … early 1990s, however, the unemployment rate skyrocketed and hit double-digit levels. Unemployment remained high for several …