Energy and materials use in the Japanese and U.S. iron and steel industries is assessed using process engineering analyses. The energy required for producing a tonne of steel in the U.S. (20.99 GJ) is 50% greater than that in Japan (13.18 GJ). The structures and technologies of the two...

The microeconomic foundations of the demand for insulation are constructed. In the corresponding derived demand relationship, the price of heat appears explicitly as an explanatory variable for the quality demanded of insulation. Its exclusion from the estimated equations and the exclusion of...