Multinational enterprises exist because they hold certain competitive advantages over their local counterparts and affect local economies through their spillover effects. Research streams exploring the raison d' etre and consequences of MNEs are quite distant and remote. This paper analyzes and...

In this article we explore causality relationship between stock market and economic growth based on the time series data compiled from 5 Euronext countries (Belgium, France, Portugal, Netherlands and United Kingdom) for the period 1995:Q1 to 2008:Q4. Granger causality test was used to find...

In this article Sims' causality test based on Granger definition of causality was used to examine causality relationships between stock markets and economic growth in Cameroon based on the time series data from 2006 to 2010. Our findings suggest that the Douala Stock Exchange still doesn't...

This paper documents the expanding economic linkages between low-income countries (LICs) and a narrow group of "Emerging Market leaders" that have become major players in regional and global trade and financial flows. VAR models show that these linkages have increased the share of growth...

This study extends research on the social performance of microfinance institutions. The research methodology is based on Grameen Progress out of Poverty Index™ (PPI™) for Cambodia applied to a sample of borrowers randomly extracted from a Cambodian microfinance institution's loan portfolio....

The paper by Debrun, Celasun and Ostry focuses on the assessment of debt sustainability and stresses the need to overcome one of the main drawbacks of debt sustainability analysis, i.e. the fact that it is usually based on a deterministic approach in which uncertainty is dealt with by simulating...

Following the 2008 global financial crisis, Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) gained visibility. Despite the regulation demands by host states, this new sovereign role in international markets can work as an important tool for developing countries. By cushioning imbalance periods and insulating from...

This paper argues that transparency-boosting measures specifically tailored to commodity and commodity derivatives markets are much needed. In particular, encouraging the creation of a clearing infrastructure for OTC commodity and commodity derivatives markets would be desirable. Moreover, EU...

Many Developing Countries ratified ILO Fundamental Conventions and authorized local labor unions. Multinational companies producing in these countries pay more when NGOs campaigns take place and reputation counts. However, whether this external pressure from NGOs benefit local workers outside...

This study is to analyze the volatility of the monetary policy in less developed countries like Pakistan is carried out for the period of 37 years from 1971 to 2007. Different econometrics techniques are used i.e. unit root analysis, Johnson co integration technique & error correction mechanism...