Outlines the history of the fair trade movement, its developments, different approaches and lessons learned. Examines future challenges and ways in which the lessons learned can influence trade and development. Focuses on how to boost market opportunities in the developed countries for MSEs in...

Working paper comprising a case study of the impact of men's circular internal migration on non-migrating rural women farmers in two Kalimantan forest villages in Borneo, Indonesia. Explains survey methodology. Discusses the social role of migration in their traditional culture. Considers social...

Presents a short history of the labour and the cooperative movements. Compares the situations of workers of the organized sector with that of the unorganized sector. Proposes a joint strategy to be undertaken by unions and cooperatives.

Based on interviews of returned migrants and persons from Ministries, Embassies and NGOs, examines emigration flows, mainly to Greece and Italy. Distinguishes between trafficked and non-trafficked persons, the respective working conditions encountered, threats and violence experienced, whether...

Focuses on small guarantee mechanisms operated by nongovernmental organizations comprising voluntary organizations (PVOs) and self-help or member- controlled organizations (SHOs).

ILO pub. Working paper on employment creation effects of multinational enterprise use of appropriate choice of technology in developing countries - reviews briefly weaknesses of existing studies; discusses direct and indirect employment impact, technological adaptation and MNE investment return...

Examines the impact on labour markets in advanced countries of the integration of the two fast-growing countries, China and India, with the liberalized global economy.

Discusses the effects of two recent economic crises, 1998-1999 and 2008-2009, on gender and racial inequalities in Brazil. Argues that the effects of these crises on qualitative aspects of employment such as wages and employment status have been unequally felt by women and blacks in Brazilian...

ILO pub-wep pub. Working paper on obstacles to and proposals for research methodology concerning the exploitation of child labour in the informal sector of developing countries - discusses research and theoretical problems relating to non-cooperation of employers and public administration, lack...