This paper summarizes the most important findings of the literature on the close interaction between public research organizations and industry in biotechnology. The first question deals with why researchers in academic organizations were and are still important players in the biotechnology...

The role of public demand on innovation is the central theme of this exploratory study which tries to evaluate the weight of the canadian public sector as 1) first user of innovation; 2) user of inventions patented by Canadians; 3) buyer of manufactured products, 25% of innovations find their...