Many methods exist for assessing and managing the risk of a portfolio. This article is about risk metrics and the ways investment consultants commonly apply these measurements to portfolio selection and evaluation. Two popular approaches to risk measurement and evaluation are compared: the...

Many investors assign part of their funds to asset managers of mutual funds who are given the task of beating a benchmark. Asset managers usually face a constraint on maximum Tracking Error Volatility (TEV), imposed by the risk management office to keep the risk of the portfolio close to that of...

This paper deals with the estimation of portfolio returns and Value at Risk (VaR), by using a class of Gaussian mixture distributions. Asset return distributions are frequently assumed to follow a normal or log normal distribution. It also can follow Brownian motion or Geometric Brownian motion...

It is well known that investors usually assign part of their funds to asset managers who are given the task of beating a benchmark portfolio. On the other hand, the risk management off ice could impose some restrictions to the asset managers' activity in order to maintain the overall portfolio...

This paper mainly focuses on the correlation between live hedge funds return and their value at risk (VaR), which is based on the historical data from May 2000 to April 2010. The authors adopt portfolio level analyses and fund level cross-sectional regression, and find that there is significant...

We investigate the dynamics of the relationship between returns and extreme downside risk in different states of the market by combining the framework of Bali, Demirtas, and Levy (2009) with a Markov switching mechanism. We show that the risk-return relationship identified by Bali, Demirtas, and...

This paper examines the intertemporal relation between downside risk and expected stock returns. Value at risk (VaR), expected shortfall, and tail risk are used as measures of downside risk to determine the existence and significance of a risk-return tradeoff. We find a positive and significant...

In today’s interrelated economies, financial information travel at speed of light to reach investors around the globe. Global financial markets experience regular shocks that transmit negative waves to other equity markets and different asset classes. Given the unique characteristics of...

Using microdata on stock-level lending positions from German mutual funds, we show that active funds use the equity lending market to obtain information about short sale demand. Funds reduce long positions in response to these demand signals, which allows fund managers to front-run public...

This paper aims to investigate the pricing efficiency of Saudi Sharia-compliant (i.e. Islamic) exchange-traded funds (ETFs). The paper adheres to a positivist research philosophy with a deductive research approach where data is collected, analyzed and interpreted to examine a hypothesis....