Purpose – The purpose of this research is to provide further evidence on the association between the IPO signaling mechanisms (i.e. retained ownership, auditor choice, and earnings forecast) by using a less restrictive sample and by performing additional empirical tests....

It is often argued that women are more risk averse than men. This paper provides additional evidence on this issue by examining the stock selling behavior of male and female executives in response to stock option awards. When corporate executives sell shares of their firm upon new stock option...