Investing or trading in a country, whether domestic or foreign, involves some elements of risks and uncertainties depending upon its systemic, economic, financial, political, and business operating environments. Understanding the phenomenon of country risk is enormously vital for global...

Country risk is of increasing importance in the evaluation of overseas investments, international trade flows, foreign direct investments and volatility and predictability in stock market returns. A clear understanding of the concept, measurement and management of the level and magnitude of...

Over the last twenty years, there has been a growing fascination within public and academic circles about the livelihood of islands with small populations and territory which are present in each of the world's great oceans. The Small Island Tourism Economies analysed in this paper vary...

In this paper, the time-frequency dependency of political risk as well as economic and financial risks is explored in Venezuela using quarterly data from 1984Q1 to 2018Q4. The present study uses the wavelet coherence technique, which allows the investigation of both the long and short-term...

Liquidity is important for the stability of financial markets and the growth of national economies. However, the liquidity of financial markets may be influenced by country risk shocks through informational asymmetry, funding constraints, and portfolio rebalancing activities. Therefore, the...