Efforts to recapitalize banks in the current crisis have to date been focused on government assistance under the TARP …, rather than private investment, and on bank holding companies, rather than banks. We describe three alternative or … focusing on banks: rights offerings, debt restructurings, and FDIC-assisted bridge banks. Each approach was used in dealing …

loans too risky for banks to keep. Syndicated lending now involves greater and greater participation by non-bank or …

. Furthermore, the government has since taken substantial equity stakes in several other British banks as part of a general re … ever and in the US much larger and more significant banks have failed. On the face of it, therefore, the Northern Rock …

Banks cannot be made fail-safe. But they can be made safe to fail, so that the failure of a bank need not disrupt the … economy at large nor pose cost to the taxpayer. In other words, banks can be made resolvable, and “too big to fail” can come … to an end. To do so, the authorities, banks and financial market infrastructures need to prepare in advance for what …

money center banks). The “intermediary depiction model” that the SEC has always used is inadequate in financial innovation …

thirty European banks. This research uses a technique of panel data over the period 2004 to 2009. The results show that banks …

banks’ responses to the crisis have taken monetary policy into unknown territory. The paper’s first section diagnoses good … dangers of actions exceeding certain limits. It specifically focuses on the European Central Bank’s much-debated intervention … for a social science perspective of how to manage modern central banks, an approach that draws on a variety of disciplines …