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This paper provides an overview of past and expected future trends in life expectancy in populations of today's low … trends will be driven mainly by mortality among the old and oldest-old. The paper gathers empirical background data and … were carried out to formulate expert-based assumptions for future trends in life expectancy. The presented evidence and the …
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Penalized splines have become a popular tool to model the trend component in economic time series. The outcome of the spline predominantly depends on the choice of a penalization parameter that controls the smoothness of the trend. This paper derives the penalization of splines by frequency...
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On purpose to extract trend and cycle from a time series many competing techniques have been developed. The probably most prevalent is the Hodrick Prescott filter. However this filter suffers from diverse shortcomings, especially the subjective choice of its penalization parameter. To this point...
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the technological activities of Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies and to compare them with the technological activities of other world regions. Using data from the EPO World Wide Statistical Database for the period 1980-2009 the analysis is based on...
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