An ordinary differential equation (ODE) form of the radial return algorithm, which is essentially a Prandtl-Reuss material model, is combined with a strain-rate hardening model to produce an ODE that describes deviatoric stress through a prescribed density rise. An analytical solution is found...

This introductory article presents the special Discussion and Debate volume 'From black swans to dragon-kings, is there life beyond power laws?'. We summarize and put in perspective the contributions into three main themes: (i) mechanisms for dragon-kings, (ii) detection of dragon-kings and...

The high cost of microalgae cultivation is one of the major hurdles in large scale production of microalgal biofuels. Cultivation in closed photobioreactors (PBR) to achieve high culture concentrations is a potential solution. However, existing PBR designs do not have the desired efficiencies,...

Measurements and numerical simulations carried out off Mumbai coast for the period 22 October–22 November 2009 showed significant variations in water level and currents during cyclone Phyan. Changes in the meridional component of the current velocity were found to be highly significant during...

Although short-circuiting is broadly recognized as an important phenomenon in reactor designs, it is very difficult to compare the degree of short-circuiting among different reactor types from the hydraulic indexes in reality. Identification of reactor type was essential and necessary to solve...

Weighting is a largely used concept in many fields of statistics and has frequently cause controversies on its justification and profit. In this paper, we analyze a weighted version of the well-known local polynomial regression estimators, derive their asymptotic bias and variance, and find that...