An employment survey among people in Toronto who left Ontario Works - a classic "work-first" regime - shows clear secondary labour market status. Most interventions typical of work-first programmes did not have a positive effect on job quality: contrary to the "stepping stones" theory that poor...

The global health crisis that came to be known as the COVID-19 pandemic and started to sweep across the world in early 2020 revealed many vulnerabilities in the economic, social, and political fabric underpinning what much of the world had come to accept as normal. In ways that we are still...

Introduction -- Non-discrimination and regulatory purpose -- National treatment and most-favoured nation treatment in international trade and investment law -- The role of regulatory purpose in determining the appropriate comparator -- Less favourable treatment -- Conclusion

Timely and equitable access to vaccines and other health technologies is vital in effectively responding to pandemics and treating other communicable diseases. This paper shows how countries might overcome real or purported intellectual property (IP) barriers to regional COVID-19 vaccine...