Ethnic out-bidding models correctly suggest that democratic stability is much more difficult to achieve in divided societies with fully mobilised ethnic party systems. But they are not correct when they predict that ethnic party systems inevitably lead to perpetual extremist outbidding leading...

Post-communism has brought increasing inequalities and diverging access to market-based opportunities. This can be expected to generate polarization in attitudes towards increasing marketization in the region, with socio-economic divisions emerging most clearly in the more advanced economies...

In the aftermath of the 2017 UK General Election, some claimed that Labour performed unexpectedly well because of a surge in youth turnout. Polling estimates for the size of this ‘youthquake’ ranged from 12 to 21 points amongst 18–24 year olds. Using conventional and Bayesian statistical...

<title>A<sc>bstract</sc> </title> Is education consequential for popular endorsement of democracy in developing societies and, if so, what are the mechanisms that account for this influence? We investigate the micro-foundations of the education--democracy nexus using a survey of 18 sub-Saharan African countries. We...