The objective of the current study was to assess the technical and economic factors that influence the design and performance of vertical GSHP (ground source heat pump) systems and to evaluate the spatial correlation that these factors have with geographic components such as geology and climatic...

This Working Paper explores progress in the integration or mainstreaming of adaptation and related objectives into national development planning. It first provides an overview of the international mechanisms, including finance, to support the mainstreaming of climate change adaptation into...

This working paper reflects on the outcomes of the 2015 agreements on development and environment including the Sendai Framework, the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals, and the Paris Agreement. It identifies common themes emerging from the...

Developing countries are disproportionately affected by the rising trend of losses from climate-related extreme events. These losses are projected to continue to increase in future, driven by climate change and the accumulation of people and assets in high-risk areas. Effective climate change...

In both developed and developing countries, sustainable and resilient public housing construction has been described as a convenient solution to the simultaneous challenges of 1) climate change mitigation, 2) adaptation to the impacts of climate change, and 3) insufficient housing supply....

In 1980, the Federal Mining Act was introduced to govern the use of the German subsurface. By paying royalties, companies can get permission to exploit resources. Yet, there is no official report breaking down the payments for hydrocarbons and lignite, in particular regarding the effectively...