Cell walls and lignin component disruption treatments are needed to enhance the hydrolytic phase and the overall biodegradability of lignocellulosics during an anaerobic digestion process. Given their abundant availability in nature, low impact on food market prices and low lignin content,...

The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive study on algal biomass as feedstock for biogas production. Algae-derived biofuels are seen as one of the most promising solutions to mitigate climate change and as alternative to fast depleting of fossil fuels and oil reserves. Microalgae...

Pioneering the works of Brookman (1975), Middelberg et al. (1992a, 1992b) and Kleinig and Middelberg (1996), on cell disruption of yeast through HPH (high pressure homogenizer), the underlying factors in improving energy yield from biomass source has to be considered. This has become a global...

Effective water management is one of the key strategies for improving low temperature PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell performance and durability. Phenomena such as membrane dehydration, catalyst layer flooding, mass transport and fluid flow regimes can be affected by the interaction,...

Low temperature hydrogen fuel cells are electrochemical devices which offer a promising alternative to traditional power sources. Fuel cells produce electricity with a reaction of the fuel (hydrogen) and air. Fuel cells have the advantage of being clean; only producing water and heat as by...

Many authors have written in the past regarding the exact causes of breakage and disruption in a high-pressure homogeniser, but there has been little agreement. This paper investigates some of the most likely causes of the rupture of the walls of unicellular organisms and offers suggestions...

Air pollution is becoming a very important issue for the transportation sector, particularly car emissions in urban areas, and there is much interest in evaluating the actual level of emissions. In this paper, a case study of a standard driving cycle in the urban area of Dublin City is...

The pollution caused by fuel combustion either for mechanical or electrical energy generation purposes is nowadays one of the most important environmental issues. It has been proven that combustion emissions, particularly those from cars and trucks, are linked with severe damages to the...

Ireland with its resource of wind has the potential to use this natural resource and sustain the country’s power needs for the future. However, one of the biggest drawbacks to renewable energy generation, particularly wind-generated electricity is that it is an intermittent and a variable...