The paper analyzed the formation of financial-industrial groups in Russian industry in the early 90s. The special focus in on the role of local banks and trading companies, as well as to the effects of privatization. The impact of FIGs formation on the private sector's organization and behavior...

The strengthening of land rights has been proposed as a policy to reduce financial market frictions and promote private investment in low and middle income countries. But assessments of these potential effects have proven inconclusive. One reason may be that research has focused on actors that...