The Department remains focused on the technologies that are critical to making electric and hybrid vehicles commercially viable and competitive with current production gasoline-fueled vehicles in performance, reliability, and affordability. During Fiscal Year 1994, significant progress was made...

The electric power system must address two unique requirements: the need to maintain a near real-time balance between generation and load, and the need to adjust generation (or load) to manage power flows through individual transmission facilities. These requirements are not new: vertically...

This paper presents the Concentrating Solar Deployment System Model (CSDS). CSDS is a multiregional, multitime-period, Geographic Information System (GIS), and linear programming model of capacity expansion in the electric sector of the United States. CSDS is designed to address the principal...

Using electricity for heating can contribute to decarbonization and provide flexibility to integrate variable renewable energy. We analyze the case of electric storage heaters in German 2030 scenarios with an open-source electricity sector model. We find that flexible electric heaters generally...

DIETER is an open-source power sector model designed to analyze future settings with very high shares of variable renewable energy sources. It minimizes overall system costs, including fixed and variable costs of various generation, flexibility and sector coupling options. Here we introduce...

This paper addresses the following question: How can smart energy management system (SEMS) influence the residential electricity consumption at both individual household and national level? First, we developed an hourly optimization model for individual households. The energy cost of an...

Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood so far. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimization...

The growing concern about decarbonization of the energy production system led to the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). However, RES has the drawback of being inherently intermittent and lack controllability, placing limitations on their use. To avoid such limitations, the exploitation of a...

This paper studies the bidding strategy of a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) in a market of energy and regulation service. The operation of distributed energy resources (DER) and battery energy storage inside the VPP is analyzed. A bidding strategy of the VPP including the spinning reserve contract...

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have been implemented in the various systems of the electric sector, from the basic network to the consumer, such scope demands different business models and regulatory structure. In Brazil, the regulatory agenda should include energy storage as an ancillary...