Energy-saving renovations of existing residential buildings have proven to be very helpful in alleviating the pressure of energy shortages and CO2 emission, but an economic analysis of the measures by using a life cycle cost (LCC) method is very important and necessary to determine whether to...

This article employed a standard LCC to conduct economic analysis of upgrading the aging residential buildings in China. According to the current situation, an interest rate of 6%, an inflation rate of 3%, an increase rate of annual energy savings of 2% and an increase rate of electricity price...

Housing units are known as multidimensional goods, yet the approach of identifying this multiple characters of properties are seldom clarified. This study allocates a perspective of identifying the many dimensions of housing unit from spatial point of view. The concept of proximity or nearness...

Energy-efficient renovation of existing residential buildings is an important energy policy in China, but financing difficulties seriously hinder the promotion of the policy. In this article, novel indices based on benefit-cost analysis are presented to overcome the barriers. Firstly,...