Steam methane reforming (SMR) is one of the most promising processes for hydrogen production. Several studies have demonstrated its advantages from the economic viewpoint. Nowadays process development is based on technical and economical aspects; however, in the near future, the environmental...

Sugarcane is one of the most important industries of the Brazilian economy, and its main products are sugar and ethanol. Most of the industrial plants produce both products in an integrated process, in which the sugarcane bagasse is a by-product that can be used as a fuel in the cogeneration...

In this paper, the local entropy generation analysis has been conducted based on a two-dimensional, two-phase, non-isothermal DMFC (direct methanol fuel cell) model, the entropy generation contributed by the chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass diffusion, and viscous dissipation is...

In this paper, exergy method is applied to analyze the ejector expansion Joule–Thomson (EJT) cryogenic refrigeration cycle. The exergy destruction rate in each component of the EJT cycle is evaluated in detail. The effect of some main parameters on the exergy destruction and exergetic...

The objective of this research is to model steam injection in the gas turbine with Air Bottoming Cycle (ABC). Based on an exergy analysis, a computer program has been developed to investigate improving the performance of an ABC cycle by calculating the irreversibility in the corresponding...

Using energy more efficiently is a key strategy for reducing global carbon dioxide emissions. Due to limitations on time and resources, actions must be focused on the efficiency measures which will deliver the largest gains. Current surveys of energy efficiency measures assess only known...

The gasification technology has been object of study of many researchers, especially those involved in promoting large-scale electricity generation in sugarcane mills. This paper presents a simplified model for the gasification process based on chemical equilibrium considerations. The model...

Two biomass gasification concepts, i.e. indirectly heated, fast internally circulating fluidised bed (FICFB) gasification with steam as gasifying agent and two-stage, directly heated, fixed bed Viking gasification are compared with respect to their performance as gas generators. Based on...

The Crepuscular Earth presented here is a guess reference model of the planet in which all mineral resources have been extracted and dispersed and fossil fuels have been burnt. It serves as a realistic limit of resources to assess the Earth’s non-renewable exergy capital.

Fuel cells have great application potential as stationary power plants, as power sources in transportation, and as portable power generators for electronic devices. Most fuel cells currently being developed for use in vehicles and as portable power generators require hydrogen as a fuel. Chemical...