In spite of a still very low volume at the global level, in comparison with the main reserve currencies, digital currencies attract a lot of attention. The paper reminds that it is above all the exchange mechanism incorporated in digital currencies (the distributed ledger technology) which...

Over the last decades, the composition of financial wealth of French households has dramatically changed. We seek explanatory factors for these changes by estimating an extended version of Deaton and Muellbauer (1980) model applied to French households' portfolio choices. We find that most of...

French Abstract: La France est le pays d’Europe où, avec le Royaume-Uni, la fiscalité de l’épargne est la plus lourde (6% du PIB en 2016, contre en moyenne 3,8% dans l’Union européenne et 3,5% dans la zone euro). Cette situation est évaluée au regard du débat théorique sur la...

This paper considers the various 100% Reserve plans that have appeared since the interwar period and have since then been adapted. In all formulations of those schemes, Government liabilities (cash, central bank reserves and short-term Treasuries) back banks’ sight deposits. This organization...