We study the dynamical properties of transportation considering the topology structure of networks and congestion effects, based on a proposed simple model. We analyze the behavior of the model for finding out the relationship between the properties of transportation and the structure of...

Cascading failures occur commonly in congested complex networks, where it may be expressed as the process of generation, diffusion and dissipation of congestion. Different from betweeness centrality, we introduce congestion effects to determine the load on the node. In terms of user equilibrium...

It has been addressed in the existing literature that the volume–capacity (v/c) ratio on a private toll road is constant, regardless of the toll value and capacity set by the private companies for each toll road in the network. The previous derivation depends on the assumption that the user...

This paper provides new estimates of local job multipliers, the ratio of total jobs generated to some initial number of jobs created from a demand shock. Multipliers greatly affect benefits versus costs of local job-creation policies. These new estimates rely on improved methodology and data....

Does environmental regulation impair international competitiveness of pollutionintensive industries to the extent that they relocate to countries with less stringent regulation, turning those countries into“pollution havens”? We test this hypothesis using panel data on outward foreign direct...

This paper provides a game-theoretic model of network formation with a continuous effort choice. Efforts are strategic complements for direct neighbors in the network and display global substitution/congestion effects. We show that if the parameter governing local strategic complements is larger...

I study a directed search model of oligopolistic competition, extended to incorporate general capacity constraints, congestion effects, and pricing based on ex-post realized demand. I show that as long as any one of these ingredients is present, the Bertrand paradox will fail to hold. Hence, I...

This paper provides a game-theoretic model of network formation with a continuous effort choice. Efforts are strategic complements for direct neighbors in the network and display global substitution/congestion effects. We show that if the parameter governing local strategic complements is larger...

This paper provides new estimates of local job multipliers, the ratio of total jobs generated to some initial number of jobs created from a demand shock. Multipliers greatly affect benefits versus costs of local job-creation policies. These new estimates rely on improved methodology and data....