We review various mechanisms underlying the interaction between biological membranes in their aqueous environment. In the first part we describe van der Waals interactions, derive generally-applicable density functional expressions for solute-mediated interactions with a focus on electrostatic...

В статье выделены фазы жизни социально-экономических систем с точки зрения их устойчивости/неустойчивости, установлена связь между фазой жизни и степенью...

The article underlines the phases of the socio-economic systems from stability / instability viewpoint, links the connection between the life phase and the degree of receptivity of the system's towards change. The socio-economic order parameters are offered, and the assessment methods through...

В статье рассматривается класс совокупностей технологий, которые могут быть представлены как сложные социально-экономические системы. В качестве инструмента...

We describe a bottom–up framework, based on the identification of appropriate order parameters and determination of phase diagrams, for understanding progressively refined agent-based models and simulations of financial markets. We illustrate this framework by starting with a deterministic toy...

The temperature dependence of the magnetization and quadrupole order parameters of the Blume–Emery–Griffiths (BEG) model Hamiltonian with the nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic exchange interactions [both bilinear (J) and biquadratic (K)] and crystal field interaction (D) is studied using the...

A method is presented for the calculation of all exact ground states of diluted Ising antiferromagnets and random field Ising systems in an arbitrary range of magnetic fields Bϵ [Bstart, Bend] resp. Δϵ [Δstart, Δend]. It works by calculating all jump-fields B, Δ where the system changes...

This is the third in a series of papers in which we set up and discuss the functional relations for the “split rapidity line” correlation function in the N-state chiral Potts model. The order parameters of the model can be obtained from this function. Here we consider the case N=3 and write...

Smoluchowski and Fokker–Planck equations for the stochastic dynamics of order parameters have been derived previously. The question of the validity of the truncated perturbation series and the initial data for which these equations exist remains unexplored. To address these questions, we take...

A new modified model that combines the modified models of Chandrasekhar et al. with those of Keskin and Özgan, which are based on the Pople–Karasz theory, is applied to study the thermodynamics of melting and solid–solid transitions of molecular crystals. The thermodynamic properties of the...