Much of the previous research on supply network resilience examined what capabilities firms should develop and how they develop the capabilities as resilience investment. However, what has received less attention is where to invest resilience in the network. Scholars have debated over what nodes...

The proportion of non-performing loans (NPLs) constitutes an objective measure of capital adequacy for individual banks and is one of the critical indicators of a country's economic efficiency. Beginning with the United States in the late 1980s, there has been a succession of non-performing loan...

Design and real estate are inherently intertwined, but this linkage is not easy to dissect or analyze without encountering the obvious danger of oversimplification. Design is often closely associated with an emphasis on form and aesthetics, while real estate has a focus on implementation and...

The formation and re-formation of the architecture profession in China largely conformed to three relatively distinct episodes. They were: the Republican and Nationalist period of early professional development, the first thirty years of the Communist regime under Mao Zedong, and the present...

This paper examines three critical episodes of Chinese spatial planning in the context of the country’s urbanization and modernization process from the late nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century. It focuses primarily on the significance of the diffusion and assimilation of borrowed...