Recent observations have indicated that the traditional equilibrium market hypothesis (EMH; also known as Efficient Market Hypothesis) is unrealistic. It is shown here that it is the analog of a Boltzmann equation in physics, thus having some bad properties of mean-field approximations like a...

Typical collective behaviors in the Couzin model are exhibited by simulation, and some performances of the system such as convergence probability and relative size are analyzed. To provide an alternative to the constant-speed setting of the Couzin model, a velocity-adaptive strategy is...

We define a first-order phase transition as a bimodality of the event distribution in the space of observations and we show that this is equivalent to a curvature anomaly of the thermodynamical potential and that it implies the Yang Lee behavior of the zeroes of the partition sum. Moreover, it...

The microscopic approach to the description of the phase behaviour and critical phenomena in binary fluid mixtures is proposed. It is based on the method of collective variables with a reference system. The physical nature of the order parameter in a binary mixture is discussed. The basic...

Two different site order parameters are considered to characterize the partial spin-glass behavior of ±J square Ising lattices. On the one hand, q proposed by Edwards and Anderson two decades ago; on the other p, a more drastic parameter introduced recently. Site order parameters depend very...

By analyzing the synthetic seismicity generated by a simple spring–block system with asperities, the probability distribution of its order parameter is investigated. The spring–block system mimics the interaction between tectonic plates, whose asperities are given by sandpapers of different...

The governed equations for the order parameter, one- and two-time correlators are obtained for systems with white multiplicative noise. We consider the noise whose amplitude depends on stochastic variable as xa where 0<a<1. It turns out that the equation for autocorrelator includes an anomalous average of the power-law function with the fractional exponent 2a. Determination of this average for the stochastic system with a self-similar phase space is performed. It is shown that at a>12, when the system is disordered, the correlator behaves in the course of...</a<1.>

In this work we show, that with the introduction of the micellar shape anisotropy in the order parameter of a lyotropic liquid crystal, it is possible to understand, in a unified way, the features observed in the phase diagram of these materials. Using the de Gennes connection between...

The Landau Fermi-liquid theory is generalized for a system of fermions with a “color degree of freedom” (quark plasma). It is shown that the phase transition to color ordering state may occur depending on the change in thermodynamic parameters similar to a magnetic phase transition taking...

In the crowd security research area a primary concern is to identify the macro state of crowd behaviors to prevent disasters and to supervise the crowd behaviors. The entropy is used to describe the macro state of a self-organization system in physics. The entropy change indicates the system...