Estimation of congestion costs, presumed to be one of the largest external costs of automobile travel, is typically based on a single value of time delay for motorists in metropolitan areas. However, the estimation may be wrong if the profiles of motorists are different at different times of...

By means of non-linear dynamics, we show that the critical car densities of both the two-dimensional Biham-Middleton-Levine and the green wave traffic models are strictly less than 1/2.

Tolls are collected on many highways as a means of traffic control and revenue generation. However, the presence of tollbooths on highway surely slows down traffic flow. Here, we investigate how the presence of tollbooths affect the average car speed using a simple-minded single lane...

We investigate the statistics of a model of type-I X-ray burst (Phys. Rev. E 51 (1995) 3045) in its super-critical phase. The time evolution of the burnable clusters, places where fire can pass through, is studied using simple statistical arguments. We offer a simple picture for the time...

We prove a necessary and sufficient condition for an Abelian Sandpile Model (ASM) to be avalanche-finite, namely: all unstable states of the system can be brought back to stability in finite number of topplings. The method is also computationally feasible since it involves no greater than O(N3)...

What is the physical origin of player cooperation in minority game? And how to obtain maximum global wealth in minority game? We answer the above questions by studying a variant of minority game from which players choose among Nc alternatives according to strategies picked from a restricted set...

Unlike the conventional case of using cellular automata, we use a system of differential equations to study the self-organized criticality of physical systems. We see that it is not uncommon for some physical quantities, such as power loss, of the system to exhibit 1/f scaling in our new model....

Hypothesis Testing Minority Game (HMG) is a variant of the standard Minority Game (MG) that models the inertial behavior of agents in the market. In the earlier study of our group, we find that agents cooperate better in HMG than in the standard MG when strategies are picked from the full...

Real-world networks process structured connections since they have non-trivial vertex degree correlation and clustering. Here we propose a toy model of structure formation in real-world weighted network. In our model, a network evolves by topological growth as well as by weight change. In...

The dynamical origin of opinion polarization in the real world is an interesting topic that physical scientists may help to understand. To properly model the dynamics, the theory must be fully compatible with findings by social psychologists on microscopic opinion change. Here we introduce a...