We validate experimentally a new survey item to measure the preference for competition. The item, which measures … participants' agreement with the statement "Competition brings the best out of me", predicts individuals' willingness to compete in … predicted differences in their preference for competition: professional athletes and non-athletes. As predicted, we find that …

I show how changes in competition affect the power of reputation to induce sellers to exert effort. The impact of … competition on sellers' incentives is theoretically ambiguous. More competition disciplines sellers, but, at the same time, it … the value of building a reputation through effort. In this framework, more competition depresses hosts' profits and leads …

changes in competition in the United States. The sector offers workplace employee representation through trade union branches … Productivity (TFP) than incumbents. Increased competition from new entrants leads incumbents to reduce the price of union …. Those with higher TFP have higher survival probabilities. However, increased competition does not induce incumbents to raise …