Hong and Kacperczyk (2010) document that decreases in analyst competition due to broker mergers encourage analysts to please managers, leading to greater consensus optimism bias. We propose two addition effects of analyst competition. The hardworking hypothesis suggests that lower competition...

We study the evolution of public cooperation on two interdependent networks that are connected by means of a utility function, which determines to what extent payoffs in one network influence the success of players in the other network. We find that the stronger the bias in the utility function,...

Strategy changes are an essential part of evolutionary games. Here we introduce a simple rule that, depending on the value of a single parameter w, influences the selection of players that are considered as potential sources of the new strategy. For positive w players with high payoffs will be...

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) pollution has become a major environmental problem in agricultural waste composting. However, little information was available about the how the PAEs alter microbial processes during composting. This study investigated the effects of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on...