The European Commission has proposed a new regulatory tool for the governance of digital markets. The Digital Markets Act (DMA) intents to limit the market behavior of so-called gatekeeper companies to ensure contestable and fair digital markets. We review the provisions of the DMA both from a...

Price comparison websites, where consumers can compare prices at a search cost that is close to zero, have become increasingly common around the world. Using daily information on prices, click-throughs, and the number of retailers for a sample of consumer electronics and durable goods over a...

Objective - This study aims to find out (1) how the e-commerce utilization model before and during the pandemic, (2) the influence of the level of education on the tendency to use e-commerce (3) the marketing media used before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and ( 4) the average income of MSME...

Motivated by a recent competition policy debate on retailers' collusion in online marketplaces, this paper studies a simple model to shed light on the competitive and welfare effects of this conduct. I find that, when retailers sell their products through a monopolistic e-commerce platform,...

Many online marketplaces (e.g., Amazon) use recommendation systems to personalize product recommendations for each customer. In practice, many recommendation systems are “profit-based,” recommending the product that maximizes the marketplaces’ expected profit from each consumer. We study...

In theory, e-commerce marketplaces connect buyers and sellers, open trade opportunities, and reduce transaction costs thereby creating opportunities for more inclusive trade and even GVC participation, especially for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Further, there is some...

Using an administrative payroll dataset for 2.6 million retail workers, we find that the staggered rollout of a major e-commerce firm's fulfillment centers reduces traditional retail workers' income in geographically proximate counties by 2.4%. Wages of hourly workers, especially part-time...

We study and contrast pricing and price evolution of online only (Dotcom) and online branch of multi-channel retailers (OBMCRs) based on two panel data sets collected from online toy markets. Panel data regression analyses reveal several interesting empirical results: over time, OBMCRs and...

In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, masks and alcohol sanitizer were hoarded and resold in online markets. In Japan, restrictions were imposed on such resale. In this paper, we examine the effects of the resale regulations on the behavior of economic agents and changes in their...

An increasing amount of research papers is devoted in modeling Web functions. This effort is coming from many diverse disciplines like Computer Science, Economics, Mathematics, Social studies and others. At this stage, a set of definitions concerning the basic Web functions is needed in order to...