This study evaluates a government-sponsored Excess-Of-Loss (XOL) Catastrophe (CAT) reinsurance contract using the financial option approach with extreme risk. We show that the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD), a Peak-Over-Threshold (POT) model, can properly depict the extreme losses from...

This study examines the extent to which regulatory forbearance can affect the fragility of U.S. property and liability (P/L) insurance firms. By using a split-population survival model, we find that the risk-based capital (RBC) ratio is inversely correlated with the resolution cost paid by...