Parameter-induced aperiodic stochastic resonance (SR) in the presence of multiplicative and additive noise is investigated in detail. Using theoretical and numerical analysis, we evaluate the dynamical probability density, by which the bit error rate is defined as a quantity to optimize in the...

The effects of signal spectrum varying on signal processing by the method of parameter-induced stochastic resonance (PSR) are investigated. For a binary signal with a smooth power spectral density (PSD), when the PSD curve becomes sharper and narrower, the performance of the nonlinear system via...

This paper deals with the effects of stochastic resonance in some sorts of nonlinear dynamic systems on multi-frequency signal processing in the presence of white or colored noise. By means of tuning system parameters and changing the nonlinear systems, the ability of the systems driven by noise...

The most populous country in the world, China faces immense socio-economic challenges providing adequate pensions to its growing elderly population. In that country, pensions available to older people vary considerably across the country's various pension schemes. This paper calculates the...

Contemporary pension systems face a major fiscal challenge. In China, whose population has been aging rapidly, such a challenge is of extreme importance. This article finds that, in China, the cumulative funding gap in pensions should be 2022.34billion Yuan until 2020, and 71731.94billion Yuan...

Considering the rapid growth of China’s elderly rural population, establishing both an adequate and a financially sustainable rural pension system is a major challenge. Focusing on financial sustainability, this article defines this concept of financial sustainability before constructing sound...