This paper analyzes the factor of the deterioration of the financial position of the third sector in Japan and derives the structural problem equipped in the third sector. Recently a new movement like PFI or PPP toward an efficient provision of public services is focused on in a stream of the...

This paper, taking an explicit account of the progressive tax system, calculates the social marginal cost of public funds (SMCF) for the Japanese economy under alternative labour response assumptions. First, following formula provided by Dahlby (1998), we calculate the SMCF for the three types...

This study is a comprehensive empirical assessment on the quality of child care in Japan. Especially we focus on the comparison of quality of services between public and private centers to investigate higher wage costs in public centers could be justified by higher quality of care. Since no...

This paper investigates nonprofit wage premiums in Japan's child care labor market, an area that has not yet been studied. We take advantage of a unique, large, and high-quality data set on child care workers collected in the summer 2002 to evaluate nonprofit wage premiums after controlling for...

Part I : Consumer Response to the 1998 Tax Cut: Which of Tax Cut or Coupon Program is More Effective? The Japanese Government implemented two tax cut packages in 1998. A unique feature of the 1998 tax cuts is that the tax cut amount for each household is based on the number of family members...

It is widely accepted that financial problems-symbolized by the accumulating non-performing loans and bank failures-are the main cause of Japan's stagnation throughout the 1990s. However, few of those arguments are empirically substantiated, and few economists who emphasized the importance of...

After the introduction of public long-term care insurance in 2000, for-profit facilities were allowed to enter the at-home care market in Japan, where nonprofits are dominant. However, according to a popular hypothesis called the "contract failure," nonprofit centers are preferred over...

1980s and 1990s are characterized by the wave of privatization. In Great Britain, France, and Japan, many state-owned enterprises have been privatized. There are many activities, however, that may not be suitable to be fully privatized. They face a common problem of how to modernize...

Japanese economic activities have generally been stagnant during the last decade in the 1990s, with occasional signs of modest improvement. Among others, one reason of such weak economic developments has been attributed to delay in easing the financial policy. This paper is attempting to provide...

As the household sector as a whole is very heterogeneous economically and socially, it is necessary to separate more homogeneous groups within the sector (United Nations et al. "System of National Accounts 1993"19.9). In this paper by sub-sectors of households according to size of income and net...