This paper aims to identify an optimal investment strategy in cases of high-intensity R&D private micro entities. A game theory matrix is constructed using publicly available empirical data extracted from the financial statements of an R&D-intensive private micro-entity. The game theory matrix...

Probabilities of default (PDs) of loans are of central importance for financial stability. We analyze the PDs, reported quarterly by German financial institutions to Deutsche Bundesbank. The development of PDs is modelled as an AR process of PD changes and an initial PD. Panel regressions show...

This study explores how market power and financial flexibility shape corporate investment policies among U.S. large and mature corporations, by estimating firm-specific, time-varying investment-to-added-value sensitivities. We find that firms with market power exhibit lower investment...

The Basel credit-to-GDP gap is the single most popular measure of excessive credit growth and the financial cycle in general. It is based, however, on a purely statistical understanding of excessiveness: Growth is excessive if the credit-to-GDP ratio (i.e. the ratio of credit to nominal GDP) is...

Over the past years crowdfunding emerged as an alternative funding channel for entrepreneurs. In contrast to traditional financiers (banks, venture capital firms or angel investors), crowdfunding allows individuals to fund entrepreneurs directly even with small amounts. We received...

I find that corporate European leverage variation between 2007 and 2015 is largely driven by firm and industry characteristics. Conventional, time-varying firm characteristics explain as much leverage variation as country and industry fixed effects combined. Cross-sectional leverage disparities...

In this paper, we ask whether benefit corporations have a role to play in the emerging EU sustainable governance framework. In sec. 2, we briefly introduce the benefit corporation with regard to US law and to the laws of some EU member States, such as France and Italy, which have adopted this...

In this paper, we investigate whether reform of EU company law is needed to make corporate governance more sustainable through an analysis of some of the key questions found in the European Commission's questionnaire in its public consultation on sustainable corporate governance. We also...

We examine the effects of equity ownership by exchange traded funds (ETFs) on corporate cash holdings. We find that firms increase their cash holdings in response to higher anticipated risks generated by ETFs. To establish a causal interpretation, we use the Russell 1000/2000 index...