early nineteenth centuries – such as real wages, labor productivity in agriculture, and urbanization – also fails to confirm …

of Flanders and Mechelen (Rooslaken) in the neighbouring duchy of Brabant. Table 1 provides the technical features of the … light-weight, coarse, relatively cheap worsted-type says (from the leading producer, Hondschoote, in Flanders); and … in sixteenth-century Flanders (including Hondschoote) and England. Table 2 presents the prices, in pounds groot Flemish …

the cross-Channel Low Countries (Flanders), did not in fact continually rise as this model predicts, the focus of this … known Phelps Brown & Hopkins ‘basket of consumables’ index; and for Flanders, it is measured by one that I have constructed … 1360s. In the later 14th century, however, first England and then Flanders experienced an equally dramatic deflation, one …

real wages for building craftsmen and their journeymen-labourers in southern England, Flanders, and Brabant, in the late … Antwerp region (1400-1700), with annual values in pence groot Brabant (but still converted into index numbers); and I have … produced a similar price index for Flanders (1348-1500), with annual values in pence groot Flemish. All three baskets have very …