This paper investigates efficient estimation of heterogeneous coefficients in panel data models with common shocks, which have been a particular focus of recent theoretical and empirical literature. We propose a new two-step method to estimate the heterogeneous coefficients. In the first step,...

This paper considers the maximum likelihood estimation of the panel data models with interactive effects. Motivated in economics and other social sciences, a notable feature of the model is that the explanatory variables are correlated with the unobserved effects. The usual within-group...

An approximate factor model of high dimension has two key features. First, the idiosyncratic errors are correlated and heteroskedastic over both the cross-section and time dimensions; the correlations and heteroskedasticities are of unknown forms. Second, the number of variables is comparable or...

Spatial effects and common-shocks effects are of increasing empirical importance. Each type of effect has been analyzed separately in a growing literature. This paper considers a joint modeling of both types. Joint modeling allows one to determine whether one or both of these effects are...