This Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix paper analyzes the budget deviations in Malawi, their reasons, and the consequences for the fiscal policy process. It documents the observed deviations of outturn to plan in Malawi, analyzes the reasons for such deviations, outlines some of the...

This report evaluates the Observance of Standards and Codes on Fiscal Transparency for the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. Equatorial Guinea needs to improve transparency in many of the important elements of the Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency, but a basis is being established to...

This report provides an assessment of fiscal transparency practices in Rwanda against the requirements of the IMF Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency. First, there is a description of practice, prepared by the IMF staff on the basis of discussions with the authorities and their...

This report provides an assessment of fiscal transparency practices in Greece in relation to the requirements of the IMF Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency. The assessment reveals that Greece has made progress, in recent years, in meeting the requirements of the fiscal transparency...

The Chilean government has succeeded in constructing and disseminating a clear view of its objectives and targets, both at the macroeconomic level and for individual budget programs. Government accountability to congress and the public is demonstrably being strengthened. A general reform...

Albania has made much progress in recent years in improving fiscal transparency and meets the standards of the fiscal transparency code in several areas. However, shortcomings exist in the transparency of tax laws and instructions, and in budget preparation and the quality of budget documents....

This Report assesses the Observance of Standards and Codes on Fiscal Transparency for Lebanon. There appears to be insufficient public understanding of, or interest in, the critical need for sustained fiscal reforms. The government’s program of reform needs to be based on more analysis,...

This report on the Observance of Standards and Codes on Fiscal Transparency on Bulgaria explains a detailed description of practice. Important areas where Bulgaria meets the code include the consistent use of the consolidated general government as the basis for fiscal policy and reporting; and...

This paper presents an update to the Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) on Fiscal Transparency for Hungary. The paper discusses that from 2004, and in the context of the 2004 budget law, the use of privatization receipts has been limited to financing infrastructure...

This Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC) examines Fiscal Transparency for Cyprus. The report reveals that Cyprus has been making major progress in improving fiscal transparency, helped by the government’s efforts to strengthen budget management systems and comply with...