The aim of this paper is a systematic presentation of the European Commission's proposal for a Council Regulation “on the establishment of the European Monetary Fund” (EMF) of 6 December 2017, including the European Monetary Fund's Statute, annexed thereto. It is beyond the paper's scope to...

The purpose of this paper, structured in three Sections, is twofold: (a) The first is to analyse the conditions under which a group of financial firms is considered to be a ‘financial conglomerate' in accordance with the (complex) definition of this term in Article 2 (point (14)) of the...

English Abstract: The author proposes a new type of asset-backed security, called Exchange Traded Pieced Loan (ETPL), designed to address a variety of major issues for savers, lenders, borrowers, authorities and other stakeholders in China's markets for investment and credit. An ETPL's...

This article applies the concepts of opportunity cost and utilitarian ethics to corporate bailouts. When one thinks about bailing out a failing or distressed industry it is also necessary to consider alternative uses for the funds. Opportunity cost analysis concludes that the funds used for...

The aim of this paper is to briefly present and assess the institutional framework governing the (and some main legal aspects related to the) European Banking Union (EBU), as in force, and the proposals made or suggested in order to enhance it. The paper is structured in three (3) Sections: (1)...

This study is aiming to present (and to a certain extent analyse) the provisions of Articles 24-30 of Directive 2014/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 “on markets in financial instruments (…)” (‘MiFID II') – including the relevant provisions of the...

We analyze the determinants and the long-run consequences of government interventions in the eurozone banking sector during the 2008/09 financial crisis. Using a novel and comprehensive dataset, we document that fiscally constrained governments "kicked the can down the road" by providing banks...

We show that executive ownership is a significant driver of the demand for credit following credit expansion policies. Our focus on credit demand is in contrast to most studies that have focused on credit supply factors such as bank-capital. Our identification exploits the large and unexpected...

We study a model in which leverage and compensation are both choice variables for the firm and borrowing spreads are endogenous. First, we analyze the correlation between leverage and variable compensation. We show that allowing for both endogenous compensation and leverage fully rationalizes...

• Scenario planning can mitigate losses, increase market expansion, prevent business regional exit and maximise profits.• Global banks must form partnerships with local and Islamic banks in global markets to utilize local expertise, acceptance and success.• Businesses operating in...