According to the duality theory of traffic flow any well-posed kinematic wave (KW) and/or variational theory (VT) problem can be solved with the same methods either on the time-space plane or the time vs vehicle number plane. To achieve this symmetry, the model parameters and the boundary data...

Bus schedules cannot be easily maintained on busy lines with short headways: Experience shows that buses offering this type of service usually arrive irregularly at their stops, often in bunches. Although transit agencies build slack into their schedules to alleviate this problem, their attempts...

Ask most commuters and they will agree that congestion has reached an intolerable level. To reduce this congestion, engineers need detailed traffic information. Highly detailed information is also prized by traffic scientists, as a prerequisite to improve current traffic theories. Ideally,...

Network optimization problems with a "scalable" structure are examined in this report. Scalable networks are embedded in a normed space and must belong to a closed family under certain transformations of size (number of nodes) and scale (dimension of the norm). The transportation problem of...

This paper shows that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) relating flow and average density must exist on any street with blocks of diverse widths and lengths, but no turns, even if all or some of the intersections are controlled by arbitrarily timed traffic signals. The timing patterns are...

Real data show that reserving a lane for carpools on congested freeways induces a smoothing effect that is characterized by significantly higher bottleneck discharge flows (capacities) in adjacent lanes. The effect arises because disruptive vehicle lane changing diminishes in the presence of a...

A field experiment in Yokohama (Japan) reveals that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) linking space-mean flow, density and speed exists on a large urban area. The experiment used a combination of fixed detectors and floating vehicle probes as sensors. It was observed that when the somewhat...

Traffic data is used to estimate current traffic conditions so that travelers and agencies can make better decisions about how to use and manage the transportation network. This research explores the fusion of probe data (vehicle speed and direction) with loop data (density, speed, and count) in...

To show how inclusionary zoning alters development, the author finds the most profitable housing design to build on vacant lots at each location in a monocentric city under different regulatory regimes. Section 1 sets up the model by specifying renter's preferences, geography and building...