This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the productive efficiency of foreign-owned and US-owned multinational commercial banks operating in the US. A multiproduct translog stochastic-cost frontier model approach is used to estimate cost inefficiency scores. Ordinary Least Squares and Tobit...

Purpose – The paper seeks to detail the formal and informal aspects of involving line managers in human resource management (HRM). Design/method/approach – The investigation was conducted by interviewing line managers at one work organisation. Findings – Formally, line managers state that...