This Paper surveys the theoretical literature on the effect of soft budget constraints (SBC) on economies in transition … centralized economies, devolution, and banking reform in transition economies. Moreover, we argue that SBC also bear on major …

economic environment of small firms in Tanzania, a country presently undergoing transition from a socialist to a market … transition, as well as a challenge for the development of a dynamic small scale industrial sector in the future. …

transition later on; the first years of transition and the dilemma of gradual vs. shock therapy type reforms; the role of …

transition from communist to market oriented economies. …

institutional change, values and beliefs in transition countries have not changed much over the last 20 years. Evidence suggests …. Current institutional evolutions in transition countries might be more affected by their long run past than by the communist …

The paper analyses the 20-year experience with transition in the SEE countries in a comparative framework, illustrating … 1989 to implement a swift transition to a market economy. The paper recalls the initial conditions in the SEE region in … 1989, macroeconomic performance and progress achieved in the various transition-related economic reforms. The international …