We examine how firms operating in three or more countries show different international spatial dependencies, compared to those operating in just two countries (home and one foreign country). In a multi-country model, we focus on the significance of rival locations abroad, which has not been...

Since adopting its economic reform policies, China has overcome various challenges and has transformed itself into a modern market economy. During this change, China has solved the problem of its five billion people living in poverty and has entered into a new development stage. However, as a...

This paper investigates the effectiveness and problems of the temporary housing program, which is being applied to the victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake. While prefab homes are usually distributed as temporary housing, rent subsidies have become an additional option. Subsidies would be...

Striking a balance between economic growth and public burdens, such as taxes and social insurance contributions, is an urgent issue especially in Japan as it is facing rapid population aging. However, existing research regarding public burdens on corporations mainly focuses on the incidence of...

The achievement of both sustainable economic growth and reductions in CO2 emissions has been an important policy agenda in recent years. This study, using novel establishment-level microdata from the Energy Consumption Statistics, empirically analyzes the effect of urban density on energy...

In this paper, we investigate empirically how firms' choices of globalization mode differ according to their productivity and Tobin's q using firm-level data of Japanese firms. Our findings support predictions by Helpman, Melitz, and Yeaple (2004) and by Chen, Horstmann, and Markusen (2008)....

This paper examines whether and how the entry of foreign multinational firms affects productivity growth of domestically owned firms, using Japanese firm-level data for the period 2000-2007. Although there are a considerable number of studies conducting productivity analyses on foreign...

Since its first appearance in the late 1950s, Neoclassical economic theory of fertility, especially as exemplified by Gary Becker's model of household production function that assumed a unitary utility function of the household, has become one of the most popular paradigms to examine fertility...

Using the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR), a Japanese panel survey of people age 50 or older, we find that many Japanese in their early 50s—compared to those in their late 50s and early 60s—expect their level of public pension benefits to decline. We find that recent pension...

Bilateral or multilateral trade and investment agreements have strengthened the ties among national economies all over the world. Against this backdrop, direct taxation of each country may influence or distort cross-border investment flows between or among the countries participating in such...