The ECB monetary policy has been criticised for giving more attention to price stabilisation in Europe rather than encouraging higher growth and employment. It is now largely accepted that the Maastricht norms and the Stability Pact have imposed serious macroeconomic constraints on economic...

This paper attempts to measure the direct effects of the Maastricht criteria and the Stability Pact on growth and unemployment in the EU countries, and covers the period 1980-2001. The evidence from a panel empirical analysis suggests that growth was negatively influenced by the imposition of...

The main challenges the European Single Market is facing in the 21st century result from the enlargement to Central and Eastern Europe, the EMU, and the globalization of trade and investment that has aided the rise of competitive emerging markets. This state-of-the-art book provides fresh...

Este artigo estuda as implicações de um dilema entre os custos sociais de financiamento público e os custos sociais de monopólio num esquema conceptual de aquisições governamentais e de regulação, ambos sob informação incompleta. O sentido das distorções de custo, esforço e nível...

This paper examines the convergence process in Brazil over the period of 1985-2004, giving a special attention to the role of human capital as a conditioning factor to convergence. It examines how different levels of human capital influence growth in different regions of Brazil. Different...

This paper examines the convergence process across countries for the period 1980-2000, giving special attention to the role of human capital as a conditioning factor. The originality of the study is in the use of new proxies for human capital, such as publications and patents ratio and the...