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Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011597292
impeding exports, including transport, tariffs, technical barriers and sanitary and phytosanitarystandards. A gravity model is …-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator accounts for heteroskedasticity and the presence of zero trade flows. Our results identify which …. A decreasing trend for tariffs has largely been compensated by more stringent technical barriers. The overall result is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012993766
We have witnessed increasing concerns about the impacts of food safety standards on agricultural trade. This paper explores how Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures affect Vietnam's rice exports. Using different estimation methods to handle overdispersion and zero trade flows for data of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012010116
A meta-analysis explains the variation in estimated trade effects of technical barriers to trade broadly defined, using available estimates from the empirical international trade literature, and accounting for data sampling and methodology differences. Agriculture and food industries tend to be...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013150139
Since the beginning of 2017, a paradigm change in international trade policy is observed. While the protectionist agendas are on the rise, the EU and Japan signed an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) on 17 July 2018. It is the most ambitious agreement of the EU with any Asian state. The study...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012196990
This report looks at procedures and processes related to non-tariff measures in agricultural trade. Based on the prior that countries are likely to make efforts to reduce the trade hindering effects of domestic food regulation within regional trade agreements, we focus on three different RTAs,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009767969
Non-tariff measures such as food safety standards are used to achieve the non-trade objective of protecting consumers' health and safety. However, they can also be used as a trade protection tool to drive a price wedge between domestic and foreign producers. This study investigates the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011500051
The increasing policy interests and the vivid academic debate on non-tariff measures (NTMs) has stimulated a growing literature on how NTMs affect agri-food trade. The empirical literature provides contrasting and heterogeneous evidence, with some studies supporting the ‘standards as...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012907975
During the last decades, significant changes in trade regulations are modifying the global trade of wine. The number of non-tariff measures (NTMs) implemented in the wine sector is relevant: a large number of country-specific NTMs, set in the occasion of trade agreements, have been adopted. The...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012020246
This report synthesises OECD work analysing agricultural policies, markets and trade. It highlights recent developments in agricultural markets and policies and considers how these have changed the source and nature of the gains from multilateral reform, and considers opportunities for further...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011955820