Pakistan has been pursuing an active albeit expansionary fiscal policy since 1970s. In the mid-1970s to early-1980s, such policy choice was manifested in externally financed development spending, primarily in the form of investment in public enterprises. Despite excessive deficit financing,...

As I am writing this book, Russia is invading Ukraine, and the world’s beliefs in global institutions, peace, humanism, and social progress have been shaken again. Understanding why conflict is endemic to any social relation, under which conditions it is a positive element in social life, and...

Groundwater in sufficient amounts and of suitable quality is essential for potable water supplies, crop irrigation and healthy habitats for plant and animal biocenoses. The groundwater resource is currently under severe pressure from land use and pollution and there is evidence of dramatic...

In this paper we employ a choice experiment to test the effect of the institution responsible for the management of an environmental good, on stated preferences. Specifically, we examine whether respondents’ valuation of a forest restoration program in Greece is different under (a) European...

As I am writing this book, Russia is invading Ukraine, and the world’s beliefs in global institutions, peace, humanism, and social progress have been shaken again. Understanding why conflict is endemic to any social relation, under which conditions it is a positive element in social life, and...

This paper presents some analytical techniques to help policymakers gauge the technical and fiscal feasibility of development targets. While each of the techniques discussed below has deficiencies, taken together they have proven very useful in providing a sense of realism to target setting. The...

Southeast Asia countries are encountering several challenges as they are moving towards the globalization and trade liberalization era. Due to that, government intervention is essential in ensuring that the economy is resilience against the severe implications of trade openness. Therefore, this...

The competitiveness of enterprises depends not only on their strategies and operations but also on the macroeconomic and microeconomic environment in which they operate. The various instruments for business support can be found in industrial policies of EU member states, which were often...

Abstract The World Bank (2000) asserts that corruption is the single greatest impediment to economic growth in third world countries. This study was set out to investigate the impact of corruption on economic growth in Nigeria from 1986 to 2007. A Barro-type endogenous growth model was adopted...

The budgetary constraints governments have to deal with on a daily bases require a new approach in public spending as well as the revision of public goods definition. Consequently the key words are efficiency and effectiveness, in order to comply with the new management approach requirements....