The paper considers time series GMM models where a subset of the parameters are time varying. The magnitude of the time variation in the unstable parameters is such that efficient tests detect the instability with (possibly high) probability smaller than one, even in the limit. We show that for...

The paper investigates asymptotically efficient inference in general likelihood models with time varying parameters. Parameter path estimators and tests of parameter constancy are evaluated by their weighted average risk and weighted average power, respectively. The weight function is...

Economic conditions exert a strong influence on regional migration. On the one hand, strong labour market conditions, as exemplified by low unemployment rates and high earnings, draw migrants into regions. On the other hand, strong housing market conditions can prevent movement since expensive...